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The Icelandic loan guarantees referendum, also known as the Icesave referendum (Icelandic: ''Þjóðaratkvæðagreiðsla um Icesave''), was held in Iceland on 6 March 2010. The referendum was held to approve the terms of a state guarantee on the obligation of the Depositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund (''Tryggingarsjóður innstæðueigenda og fjárfesta''), in particular a €3.8 billion loan (€ 11,964 per person) from the governments of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands to cover deposit insurance obligations in those countries.〔.〕〔.〕 The referendum was held under article 26 of the Constitution of Iceland after President Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson refused to counter-sign the corresponding Act of Parliament (known as the second ''Icesave bill'') into law on 5 January 2010.〔(Declaration by the President of Iceland ), 5 January 2010.〕 The proposal was resoundingly defeated, with 98% voting against and less than 2% in favor. The referendum was the first to be held in Iceland since 1944, and required special legislation. The Althing (Iceland's parliament) approved a motion on 8 January 2010 which called for the referendum to be held by 6 March at the latest. The motion passed by 49–0 with 14 abstentions.〔.〕 The date of the referendum was later set for 6 March.〔 ==Background== (詳細はDepositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund'' arise from the 2008–2012 Icelandic financial crisis, which saw Iceland's three main commercial banks collapse within the space of a week. One of those banks, Landsbanki, had taken retail deposits from more than 400,000 British and Dutch customers through its branches in London and Amsterdam, through a product known as "Icesave". At the time of the economic collapse, the ''Depositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund'' had equity of only 10.8 billion krónur,〔ISK8.3bn at the end of 2007 ((Financial statements 2007 )) plus ISK2.5bn raised in 2008 to keep within the statutory minimum ((Press release )).〕 about €68 million at the exchange rates of the time and far from sufficient to cover the Dutch and British claims. The initial reaction of the Icelandic authorities was to disclaim state responsibility for the shortfall in the insurance fund, pointing out that both the ''Guarantee Fund'' and Landsbanki were private corporations (although the ''Guarantee Fund'' was set up and operated under a specific Act of Parliament). One of the governors of the Central Bank of Iceland, former Prime Minister Davíð Oddsson, was interviewed on Icelandic public service broadcaster RÚV and stated that "we (Icelandic State ) do not intend to pay the debts of the banks that have been a little heedless". This led to a diplomatic dispute, and the unprecedented (and controversial) freezing of Landsbanki assets in the United Kingdom through the Landsbanki Freezing Order 2008.〔(The Landsbanki Freezing Order 2008 ) No. 2668.〕 An outline agreement was reached on 16 November 2008, after mediation by France and the European Union.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://eng.forsaetisraduneyti.is/news-and-articles/nr/3229 )〕 Iceland agreed to guarantee the liabilities of the ''Depositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund'' to British and Dutch savers, while the UK and the Netherlands would effectively lend the ''Guarantee Fund'' the necessary money.〔 However, the exact terms of the repayment of the loan were not finalized at the time, and negotiations continued into 2009, held up somewhat by the collapse of the Icelandic government in January 2009 and the subsequent elections in April. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Icelandic loan guarantees referendum, 2010」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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